Resolviendo Sudokus

Véase:

~/rubytesting$ cat -n useSudoku.rb 
   1  #!/usr/bin/env ruby
   2  # http://www.websudoku.com/
   3  $LOAD_PATH.unshift 'RPLExamples'
   4  require "Sudoku"
   5  puts Sudoku.solve Sudoku::Puzzle.new ARGF.readlines

~/rubytesting$ cat -n RPLExamples/sudoku.txt 
   1  3.4..5.61
   2  ....9.8.3
   3  .1..8...2
   4  4...37.5.
   5  .6.9.8.2.
   6  .7.54...9
   7  1...7..9.
   8  7.8.6....
   9  29.4..3.7

~/rubytesting$ ./useSudoku.rb RPLExamples/sudoku.txt 
384725961
652194873
917386542
429637158
563918724
871542639
145873296
738269415
296451387

~/rubytesting$ cat -n RPLExamples/Sudoku.rb 
   1  # http://www.websudoku.com/
   2  module Sudoku
   3  
   4    class Puzzle
   5  
   6      ASCII = ".123456789"
   7      BIN = "\000\001\002\003\004\005\006\007\010\011"
   8  
   9      def initialize(lines)
  10        if (lines.respond_to? :join)  
  11          s = lines.join             
  12        else                        
  13          s = lines.dup            
  14        end
  15  
  16        s.gsub!(/\s/, "") 
  17  
  18        raise Invalid, "Grid is the wrong size" unless s.size == 81
  19        
  20        raise Invalid, "Illegal character #{s[i,1]} in puzzle" if i = s.index(/[^123456789\.]/)
  21  
  22        s.tr!(ASCII, BIN)      # Translate ASCII characters into bytes
  23        @grid = s.unpack('c*') # Now unpack the bytes into an array of numbers
  24  
  25        raise Invalid, "Initial puzzle has duplicates" if has_duplicates?
  26      end
  27  
  28      def to_s
  29        (0..8).collect{|r| @grid[r*9,9].pack('c9')}.join("\n").tr(BIN,ASCII)
  30      end
  31  
  32      def dup
  33        copy = super       # Make a shallow copy by calling Object.dup
  34        @grid = @grid.dup  # Make a new copy of the internal data 
  35        copy               # Return the copied object
  36      end
  37  
  38      def [](row, col)
  39        @grid[row*9 + col]
  40      end
  41  
  42      def []=(row, col, newvalue)
  43        raise Invalid, "illegal cell value" unless (0..9).include? newvalue
  44        @grid[row*9 + col] = newvalue
  45      end
  46  
  47      BoxOfIndex = [
  48        0,0,0,1,1,1,2,2,2,
  49        0,0,0,1,1,1,2,2,2,
  50        0,0,0,1,1,1,2,2,2,
  51        3,3,3,4,4,4,5,5,5,
  52        3,3,3,4,4,4,5,5,5,
  53        3,3,3,4,4,4,5,5,5,
  54        6,6,6,7,7,7,8,8,8,
  55        6,6,6,7,7,7,8,8,8,
  56        6,6,6,7,7,7,8,8,8
  57      ].freeze
  58  
  59      def each_unknown
  60        0.upto 8 do |row|             # For each row
  61          0.upto 8 do |col|           # For each column
  62            index = row*9+col         # Cell index for (row,col)
  63            next if @grid[index] != 0 # Move on if we know the cell's value 
  64            box = BoxOfIndex[index]   # Figure out the box for this cell
  65            yield row, col, box       # Invoke the associated block
  66          end
  67        end
  68      end
  69  
  70      def has_duplicates?
  71        0.upto(8) {|row| return true if rowdigits(row).uniq! }
  72        0.upto(8) {|col| return true if coldigits(col).uniq! }
  73        0.upto(8) {|box| return true if boxdigits(box).uniq! }
  74        
  75        false  # If all the tests have passed, then the board has no duplicates
  76      end
  77  
  78      AllDigits = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].freeze
  79  
  80      def possible(row, col, box)
  81        AllDigits - (rowdigits(row) + coldigits(col) + boxdigits(box))
  82      end
  83  
  84  
  85      def rowdigits(row)
  86        @grid[row*9,9] - [0]
  87      end
  88  
  89      def coldigits(col)
  90        result = []                # Start with an empty array
  91        col.step(80, 9) {|i|       # Loop from col by nines up to 80
  92          v = @grid[i]             # Get value of cell at that index
  93          result << v if (v != 0)  # Add it to the array if non-zero
  94        }
  95        result                     # Return the array
  96      end
  97  
  98      BoxToIndex = [0, 3, 6, 27, 30, 33, 54, 57, 60].freeze
  99  
 100      def boxdigits(b)
 101        i = BoxToIndex[b]
 102        [
 103          @grid[i],    @grid[i+1],  @grid[i+2],
 104          @grid[i+9],  @grid[i+10], @grid[i+11],
 105          @grid[i+18], @grid[i+19], @grid[i+20]
 106        ] - [0]
 107      end
 108    end  # This is the end of the Puzzle class
 109  
 110    class Invalid < StandardError
 111    end
 112  
 113    class Impossible < StandardError
 114    end
 115  
 116    def Sudoku.scan(puzzle)
 117      unchanged = false  # This is our loop variable
 118  
 119      until unchanged 
 120        unchanged = true      # Assume no cells will be changed this time
 121        rmin,cmin,pmin = nil  # Track cell with minimal possible set
 122        min = 10              # More than the maximal number of possibilities
 123  
 124        puzzle.each_unknown do |row, col, box|
 125          p = puzzle.possible(row, col, box)
 126          
 127          case p.size
 128          when 0  # No possible values means the puzzle is over-constrained
 129            raise Impossible
 130          when 1  # We've found a unique value, so set it in the grid
 131            puzzle[row,col] = p[0] # Set that position on the grid to the value
 132            unchanged = false      # Note that we've made a change
 133          else    # For any other number of possibilities
 134            if unchanged && p.size < min
 135              min = p.size                    # Current smallest size
 136              rmin, cmin, pmin = row, col, p  # Note parallel assignment
 137            end
 138          end
 139        end
 140      end
 141        
 142      return rmin, cmin, pmin
 143    end
 144  
 145    def Sudoku.solve(puzzle)
 146      puzzle = puzzle.dup
 147  
 148      r,c,p = scan(puzzle)
 149  
 150      return puzzle if r == nil
 151      
 152      p.each do |guess|        # For each value in the set of possible values
 153        puzzle[r,c] = guess    # Guess the value
 154        
 155        begin
 156          return solve(puzzle)  # If it returns, we just return the solution
 157        rescue Impossible
 158          next                  # If it raises an exception, try the next guess
 159        end
 160      end
 161  
 162      raise Impossible
 163    end
 164  end



Casiano Rodriguez León 2015-01-07